“Hail, Columbia” served this purpose at official functions for most of the 19th century. § 301), which was signed by President Herbert Hoover.īefore 1931, other songs served as the hymns of American officialdom. President Woodrow Wilson in 1916, and was made the national anthem by a congressional resolution on Ma(46 Stat. “The Star-Spangled Banner” was recognized for official use by the U.S.
Although the poem has four stanzas, only the first is commonly sung today. With a range of one octave and one fifth (a semitone more than an octave and a half), it is known for being difficult to sing. Set to Key’s poem and renamed “The Star-Spangled Banner,” it would soon become a well-known American patriotic song. “To Anacreon in Heaven” (or “The Anacreontic Song”), with various lyrics, was already popular in the United States. The poem was set to the tune of a popular British song written by John Stafford Smith for the Anacreontic Society, a men’s social club in London.
One of two surviving copies of the 1812 broadside printing of the Defense of Fort McHenry, a poem that later became the national anthem of the United States.
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